Identification

Title

Photos, XRF elements, total N and C, and isotopic data (d18O, d13C) from Deep Sea Drilling Project Site 225 cores, central Red Sea

Abstract

Photographs, 18O/16O isotopic ratios, XRF-derived elemental and N, C concentration data are provided for sediment cores from Deep Sea Drilling Project Site 225, central Red Sea. This site was originally drilled in April 1972 by rotatary drilling to recover cores through parts of the Plio-Pleistocene sediments for studies of past Red Sea water properties and regional climate. The rotary drilling disturbed the sediments by varied amounts, though left some 1.5-m sections of core almost intact. The X-ray fluorescence (XRF) data comprise elemental proportions for the core archive sections selected where they showed the least drilling disturbance. These and the core photographs were obtained at Kochi University, Japan, using an ITRAX core scanner during 2023 and 2024. Given the age of the cores, the archive sections are not perfectly flat, hence the ITRAX-derived elemental data may be distorted by varied distance between the sensor and the core, as well as by cracks within the core. The user needs to judge these data against the core photographs. As the lighter 16O isotope is evaporated preferentially over 18O and tends to get locked up in ice sheets during glacial periods, measurements of the ratio 18O/16O in carbonate sediments are often useful for recording evidence of global climatic cycles. In the Red Sea, the ratio is further affected by local evaporation, as the basin has been variably isolated from the Indian Ocean, partly as a result of sea-level variations affecting the exchange of water between the basins. Samples of ~20 cm3 were selected with two sets of intervals. Coarse-interval sampling was chosen spanning the Plio-Pleistocene for reconnaissance, while denser sampling was carried out across particular intervals of scientific interest. Within these intervals, the shells of foraminifera were separated into different species. Shells of Cibicidoides mundulus were primarily selected for measurements of 18O/16O. Analyses were carried out in 2024 at the University of Southampton (UK) using a Kiel carbonate device coupled to a Mat253 IRMS. XRF core scanning and sampling were carried out by technical staff of the Marine Core Research Institute, Kochi University under supervision of the IODP Core Curator Yusuke Kubo. Diederik Liebrand disaggregated the samples, separated the foraminifera shells and carried out the oxygen isotopic measurements. Selected samples were also analysed for nitrogen and carbon contents (weight percent of bulk sample in columns B and C) at the University of Liverpool by Steve Crowley.

Resource type

nonGeographicDataset

Resource locator

http://www.deepseadrilling.org/23/volume/dsdp23_15.pdf

name: Deep Sea Drilling project Report

function: information

https://doi.org/10.5285/b7b53899-283d-48ba-bc78-f1fe1dd97a01

name: Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

function: information

https://webapps.bgs.ac.uk/services/ngdc/accessions/index.html#item185322

name: Data

function: download

Unique resource identifier

code

http://data.bgs.ac.uk/id/dataHolding/13608243

codeSpace

Dataset language

eng

Spatial reference system

code identifying the spatial reference system

Classification of spatial data and services

Topic category

geoscientificInformation

Keywords

Keyword set

keyword value

originating controlled vocabulary

title

GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0

reference date

date type

publication

effective date

2008-06-01

Keyword set

keyword value

NGDC Deposited Data

Carbon isotopes

Pliocene

Oxygen isotopes

Pleistocene

originating controlled vocabulary

title

BGS Thesaurus of Geosciences

reference date

date type

revision

effective date

2022

Keyword set

keyword value

Keyword set

keyword value

NERC_DDC

Geographic location

West bounding longitude

East bounding longitude

North bounding latitude

South bounding latitude

Temporal reference

Temporal extent

Begin position

2023-06-01

End position

2024-05-31

Dataset reference date

date type

creation

effective date

2024-06-03

Frequency of update

notApplicable

Quality and validity

Lineage

Within Excel file NE_X002519_1_isotopes.xlsx, samples are identified in Column A using standard drilling convention: DSDP drilling leg, Site number, Core number, Core section, start and end depths of sample down-core (cm). In Excel file NE_X002519_1_XRF.xlsx, the data are ordered similarly following IODP convention (filenames in Column A generated by the ITRAX, while Column B contains distance down section). The core photos were also obtained using the ITRAX. These files are named using the same convention as above: Site number (225), core number, section number, A (“A” for archive core half) and, for a few files, a further number 1 or 2 if there are multiple photos of the same core section). XRF data have not been modified. 18O/16O data were generated at the University of Southampton and have not been drift corrected. They are calibrated to the VPDB scale.

Conformity

Conformity report

specification

title

INSPIRE Implementing rules laying down technical arrangements for the interoperability and harmonisation of Geology

reference date

date type

publication

effective date

2011

degree

false

explanation

See the referenced specification

Conformity report

specification

title

Commission Regulation (EU) No 1089/2010 of 23 November 2010 implementing Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards interoperability of spatial data sets and services

reference date

date type

publication

effective date

2010-12-08

degree

false

explanation

See http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2010:323:0011:0102:EN:PDF

Data format

name of format

Excel (xlsx)

version of format

Constraints related to access and use

Constraint set

Limitations on public access

Constraint set

Limitations on public access

The copyright of materials derived from the British Geological Survey's work is vested in the Natural Environment Research Council [NERC]. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, or stored in a retrieval system of any nature, without the prior permission of the copyright holder, via the BGS Intellectual Property Rights Manager. Use by customers of information provided by the BGS, is at the customer's own risk. In view of the disparate sources of information at BGS's disposal, including such material donated to BGS, that BGS accepts in good faith as being accurate, the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) gives no warranty, expressed or implied, as to the quality or accuracy of the information supplied, or to the information's suitability for any use. NERC/BGS accepts no liability whatever in respect of loss, damage, injury or other occurence however caused.

Responsible organisations

Responsible party

organisation name

University of Manchester

full postal address

Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Williamson Building, Oxford Road

Manchester

M13 9PL

email address

not available

responsible party role

originator

Responsible party

organisation name

University of Manchester

email address

not available

responsible party role

originator

Responsible party

organisation name

Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research

full postal address

Kochi

Japan

email address

not available

responsible party role

originator

Responsible party

organisation name

University of Liverpool

email address

not available

responsible party role

originator

Responsible party

organisation name

British Geological Survey

email address

not available

responsible party role

distributor

Responsible party

organisation name

British Geological Survey

email address

not available

responsible party role

pointOfContact

Metadata on metadata

Metadata point of contact

organisation name

British Geological Survey

full postal address

Environmental Science Centre,Keyworth

NOTTINGHAM

NG12 5GG

United Kingdom

telephone number

+44 115 936 3100

email address

enquiries@bgs.ac.uk

responsible party role

pointOfContact

Metadata date

2025-06-15

Metadata language

eng