Identification

Title

Daily soil moisture maps for the UK (2016-2023) at 2 km resolution

Abstract

The data consist of daily maps of volumetric soil moisture predicted by a model based on a network of cosmic-ray neutron sensors (COSMOS-UK), the National River Flow Archive (NRFA) and remotely-sensed data. Maps cover the UK and Ireland at 2 km resolution in the Ordnance Survey National Grid (OSGB) projection. Maps are produced in near-real time, lagging by about one week. Data are available from early 2016 to 2023, on a daily basis. The model was calibrated on a network of cosmic-ray neutron sensors (COSMOS-UK) and remotely-sensed soil moisture data. A key parameter was estimated from the national-scale spatial pattern in the catchment response to rainfall seen in the National River Flow Archive (NRFA) data. Precipitation and humidity data to drive the model came from the Met Office High Resolution Numerical Weather Prediction model (NWP-UKV) which incorporates the C-band rainfall radar network. The maps have a variety of uses in hydrology and elsewhere, for example as inputs to ecosystem models of greenhouse gas exchange, where soil moisture affects numerous processes. The modelling was carried out as part of UK-SCAPE Virtual Survey Lab, and the NERC project "Detection and Attribution of Regional Emissions (DARE-UK)". There are some gaps in the time series of meteorological and remote sensing inputs, and data are unavailable for these days. The NRFA data are only available for Great Britain, so estimates in Ireland and continental Europe will be less accurate. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/5aa8c5b4-4485-4954-b5c3-18d937a418f7

Resource type

dataset

Resource locator

https://data-package.ceh.ac.uk/data/5aa8c5b4-4485-4954-b5c3-18d937a418f7

name: Download the data

description: Download a copy of this data

function: download

https://data-package.ceh.ac.uk/sd/5aa8c5b4-4485-4954-b5c3-18d937a418f7.zip

name: Supporting information

description: Supporting information available to assist in re-use of this dataset

function: information

Unique resource identifier

code

https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/5aa8c5b4-4485-4954-b5c3-18d937a418f7

codeSpace

doi:

Dataset language

eng

Spatial reference system

code identifying the spatial reference system

Classification of spatial data and services

Topic category

environment

Keywords

Keyword set

keyword value

Soil

originating controlled vocabulary

title

GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0

reference date

date type

publication

effective date

2008-06-01

Keyword set

keyword value

originating controlled vocabulary

title

GEMET - Concepts, version 4.1.3

reference date

date type

creation

effective date

2019-01-28

Keyword set

keyword value

soil water retention curves

rainfall

rainfall radar

hydrological modelling

NRFA

ASCAT

SCAT-SAR

soil water retention curves

rainfall

rainfall radar

hydrological modelling

NRFA

ASCAT

SCAT-SAR

UK

Geographic location

West bounding longitude

-8.648

East bounding longitude

1.768

North bounding latitude

60.861

South bounding latitude

49.864

Temporal reference

Temporal extent

Begin position

2016-01-01

End position

2023-12-31

Dataset reference date

date type

publication

effective date

2024-05-08

Frequency of update

Quality and validity

Lineage

We developed a statistical model of soil moisture, calibrated on a network of cosmic-ray neutron sensors in the UK. We found that applying an exponentially-weighted moving-average filter effectively linearised the effect of precipitation, so we could form a simple linear model. With this, we integrated remotely-sensed soil moisture data. To extrapolate across the whole country, we inferred information on the soil water retention properties from daily water balance data from approximately 1200 catchments with wide coverage. We used a Bayesian approach to allow the uncertainty from the calibration at 40 sites to be propagated through the extrapolation on a grid covering the whole UK. The Met Office High Resolution Numerical Weather Prediction model (NWP-UKV), which incorporates the C-band rainfall radar network, provides very detailed data on the variation in precipitation which arises from the sporadic nature of rainfall events and interactions with orography in near-real time, to predict small-scale, short-term variation in soil moisture.

Conformity

Conformity report

specification

title

Commission Regulation (EU) No 1089/2010 of 23 November 2010 implementing Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards interoperability of spatial data sets and services

reference date

date type

publication

effective date

2010-12-08

degree

explanation

Data format

name of format

TIFF

version of format

Constraints related to access and use

Constraint set

Limitations on public access

Constraint set

Limitations on public access

Constraint set

Limitations on public access

If you reuse this data, you should cite: Levy, P.E. (2024). Daily soil moisture maps for the UK (2016-2023) at 2 km resolution. NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre https://doi.org/10.5285/5aa8c5b4-4485-4954-b5c3-18d937a418f7

Responsible organisations

Responsible party

organisation name

email address

enquiries@ceh.ac.uk

web address

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8505-1901

name: ORCID record

description: ORCID is an open, non-profit, community-driven effort to create and maintain a registry of unique researcher identifiers and a transparent method of linking research activities and outputs to these identifiers.

function: information

responsible party role

author

Responsible party

organisation name

email address

info@eidc.ac.uk

responsible party role

custodian

Responsible party

organisation name

email address

enquiries@ceh.ac.uk

web address

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8505-1901

name: ORCID record

description: ORCID is an open, non-profit, community-driven effort to create and maintain a registry of unique researcher identifiers and a transparent method of linking research activities and outputs to these identifiers.

function: information

responsible party role

pointOfContact

Responsible party

organisation name

email address

info@eidc.ac.uk

responsible party role

publisher

Responsible party

organisation name

email address

enquiries@ceh.ac.uk

responsible party role

owner

Metadata on metadata

Metadata point of contact

organisation name

full postal address

Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg

Lancaster

LA1 4AP

UK

email address

info@eidc.ac.uk

web address

https://eidc.ac.uk/

name: EIDC website

description: The Environmental Information Data Centre (EIDC) is the UK's national data centre for terrestrial and freshwater sciences.

function: information

responsible party role

pointOfContact

Metadata date

2025-05-30T13:08:00

Metadata language

eng