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MMO1097 Source noise literature review references and value table for Anthropogenic Sources

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Type	Activity	Sub-Activity	Source Level Value	Source Level Units (Metric)	Bandwith/Frequency Range (Hz)	Major Amplitude/Main Energy/Peak Frequency (Hz)	Vessel Length (m)	Vessel Speed (Knots)	Engine (Type/Size)	Additional Information	Data Limitations/Constraints	Confidence (H/M/L)	Original reference	Cited in
Anthropogenic	Dredging	Backhoe dredger	163	dB re 1µPa2m2	20-20,000	35-45				Excavation of material	Not peer-reviewed	M	Nedwell, J. R., Parvin, S. J., Brooker, A. G. & Lambert, D. R. 2008. Modelling and measurement of underwater noise associated with the proposed Port of Southampton capital dredge and redevelopment of berths 201/202 and assessment of the disturbance to salmon. 05 December 2008. Subacoustech Report No. 805R0444. Subacoustech.	World Organisation of Dredging Associations (WODA) (2013) Technical Guidance on: Underwater Sound in Relation to Dredging June 2013
Anthropogenic	Dredging	Backhoe dredger	179	dB re 1µPa2m2	3-20,000	315				Removing fractured rock	Not peer-reviewed	M	Reine, K. J., D. G. Clarke, and C. Dickerson. 2012. Characterization of underwater sounds produced by a hydraulic cutter head dredge fracturing limestone rock. DOER Technical Notes Collection ERDC TN-DOER-E34, U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Centre, Vicksburg, Mississippi, USA	World Organisation of Dredging Associations (WODA) (2013) Technical Guidance on: Underwater Sound in Relation to Dredging June 2013
Anthropogenic	Dredging	Backhoe dredger	168-186	dB re 1µPa m (RMS)	30 ->20,000	100-500				Omnidirectional Continuous	Not peer-reviewed	M	Thomsen, F., McCully, S.R., Wood, D., White, P. and Page, F., 2009. A generic investigation into noise profiles of marine dredging in relation to the acoustic sensitivity of the marine fauna in UK waters: PHASE 1 Scoping and review of key issues, Aggregates Levy Sustainability Fund / Marine Environmental Protection Fund (ALSF/MEPF), Lowestoft, UK.	UK Marine Monitoring and Assessment Strategy Community (UKMMAS) (2010). Charting Progress 2 Feeder report: Clean and Safe Seas. (Eds. Law, R. and Maes, T.). Published by Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs on behalf of UKMMAS. 366pp.
Anthropogenic	Dredging	Clamshell dredger	150-162	dB re 1µPa m (SPL)	10-1,000							H	Miles et al 1987 cited in Richardson, W.J., Green Jr, C.R., Malme, C.I. & Thomson, D.H. (1995). Marine Mammals and Noise. Academic Press, New York	ABPmer, 2004. Underwater noise during maintenance dredging and the potential effects on the migration of Atlantic Salmon in Southampton Water. R.1108. ABP Southampton