A continuous four-year record of physicochemical properties of soils deglaciated in the last century due to the retreat of Midtre Lovénbreen (ML) glacier in the vicinity of Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard. Below ground data are accompanied by an over ground three-year (2022-2024) photographic record aimed at capturing snow depth levels during the transition seasons between Arctic summer and winter (NET0105681_SUNSPEARS_Photographic data). This dataset aids our understanding of deglaciated soil evolution in the current rapidly changing Arctic landscape. At four locations (reported in NET0105681_SUNSPEARS_GPS data) along the ML glacier forefield, in October 2020, soil in four different stages of development, depending on time elapsed since deglaciation, was sampled. Samples were processed in the laboratory in order to determine their texture (results reported in NET0105681_SUNSPEARS_Particle Size Analysis data) and X-ray CT scanned in order to determine their internal structure (CT reconstructed images reported in NET0105681_SUNSPEARS_Computed Tomography data). At two of the four sampling locations (SUN1 and SUN2), geophysical monitoring stations were installed, which use an array of sensors to continuously measure soil electrical resistivity in 3D (NET0105681_SUNSPEARS_PRIME 3D ERT data). Raw electrical resistivity data, instrument health data and corresponding reconstructed 3D electrical resistivity profile images (and timelapse videos) of the subsurface are included. Topographic surveys of all the sensors operated by the monitoring stations are included. In the vicinity of the two geophysical monitoring stations, longer and deeper electrical resistivity profiles were acquired. These allow one to image the boundary between the active layer (that freezes and thaws depending on ambient temperature) and underlying permanently frozen ground. Raw electrical resistivity data and corresponding reconstructed 2D electrical resistivity profile images of the subsurface are included (NET0105681_SUNSPEARS_PRIME 2D ERT data).
